Monday, March 28, 2011

Chapter 9: Differentiating Instruction

·         Preskills are basic skills necessary for performing more complex skills.
·         PReP (PreReading Plan) strategy has three major steps: preview the text or lesson, and choose two to three important concepts; conduct a brainstorming session with students; and evaluate student responses to determine the depth of their prior knowledge of the topic.
o   This PDF document shares what a PreReading Plan is and explains the three phases and the three levels of the plan.
·         Anticipation guides can help you activate student knowledge about a particular topic and construct bridges to new information by encouraging students to make predictions.  They consist of a series of statements, some of which may not be true, related to the material that students are about to read.
o   This website is titled the instructional strategies online and explains what an anticipation guide is, the purpose of it, assessment and evaluation considerations and even teacher resources.
·         Advance organizers include information presented verbally and/or visually that makes content more understandable by putting it within a more general framework.
o   This article is about a focus on effectiveness and focuses on the cues, questions, and advance organizers that teachers use.  It shows key research findings, implementation and other resources.
·         Cue words are important for students with special needs, many of whom have difficulty telling the difference between important information.
·         The purpose of an environmental inventory is to find out what modifications are needed to increase the participation of these students in the classroom as well as in community environments and to help them meet more functional curricular objectives specified on their IEPs.
·         Concept map- a type of graphic organizer or visual representation that reflects the structure of the content, such as stories, hierarchies (top-down and bottom-up), feature analysis, diagrams, compare/contrast, and timelines.
·         Planning Think Sheets- helps writers focus on background information as well as on the audience and purpose of a paper.

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